'Bariatric Surgery Essay\r'

'Obesity affects more than threesome of U.S. adults (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Obesity is defined by World Health Organization as an individualist that has a BMI outstandinger than 30. Obesity alone raise hinder a individual’s quotidian living disembodied spiritstyle. However along with obesity total several co-morbidities that dismiss affect a person’s health and modus vivendi in a negative way. Obesity tie in conditions include midriff disease, stroke, type two diabetes, hypertension, sleep apnea, and asthma. One preference solution for obese long-sufferings’ to improve their quality of life is bariatric operative process. Bariatric surgical operation is the only weight loss mode proven to achieve lasting, long term results (Kaser & angstrom unit; Kukla., 2009, p. 3).\r\nBariatric process works on two principals: limitation and malabsorption (Kaser & group A; Kukla. 2009 p. 3). Per Kaser & adenosine monophosphate; Kukla on page 3 of the Online Journal of Issues in alimony for there atomic number 18 3 types of bariatric process available; One is the least invasive, uses an adjustable gastric band to adjust the size of it of the stomach and is reversible. The second one uses a limb that reduces the stomach and also eliminates some of the ghrelin hormone that is utilize to stimulate appetite. The last procedure divides the stomach to bring on 15-30 ml pouch and is connected directly to the baseborn intestine. This procedure is the most parking lot weight bewildered surgery performed in the US and makes up 80% of all bariatric procedures (Kaser & Kukla. 2009 p. 3). This paper will converse the nurse’s role during the pre-op, intra-op, and post-op phases of bariatric surgery, including some of the complications that whitethorn arise, proper nursing interventions, and relevant nursing diagnoses with e rattling phase of the patient’s procedure. Nurses play a large role in cari ng for patients who commence bariatric surgery.\r\nThe nurses’ role starts in the military rating phase during potency visits and all the way through to post-operative cargon including travel along up visits. During the preoperative phase the nurse works with the health c be team of â€Å"…surgeons, dietitians, psychologist, bariatricians…during patient evaluation to help reinforce key points for undefeated surgical weight loss…” (Kaser & Kukla, 2009, p. 2) and provide on-going didactics regarding the patient’s current diet and rising diet, activity, and the available surgical procedure options. The nurse ensures that the surgery is appropriate by ensuring the person has â€Å"….a BMI >40 or BMI >35 along with comorbid conditions, such as cardiovascular disease, sleep apnea, uncontrolled type two diabetes, and/or physical problems interfering with performance of daily activities” (Kaser & Kukla, 2009, p.2).\r\n In the obese patient, â€Å"minimizing risk factors is directly connected with patients’ assessment in the preoperative menses. Important physiopathologic changes amount in the cardiovascular, respiratory and gastrointestinal systems” (Tanaka, D., & Peniche, A. 2009 p.619). disturbance for diagnoses that should be considered for preoperative bariatric surgery would be noesis deficit, anxiety, nutritional imbalance (more than the body requirements), risk for stricken skin integrity, and in telling breathing pattern related to morbid obesity and/or comorbidities (Drake, McAuliffe. 2012 p.6). â€Å"The key to an effective and safe bariatric patient handling program is to be prepared prior to the admission” (Muir & Archer-Heese, 2009, pg.2). â€Å"Studies pay gain demonstrated that over 50% of bariatric-surgery patients have a concurrent diagnosis of anxiety, depression, or a mental disorder” (Kaser & Kukla, 2009, p.6).\r\nâ€Å"Ensure t he patient understands the lifestyle changes that are required for a safe, successful, postoperative railway line including a lifelong commitment to revised eat patterns, vitamin supplementation, and regular monitor lizarding by their health wield provider” (Kaser & Kukla, 2009, p. 2). The nurse can provide care during the intraoperative phase by making sure the run room is sufficient in size, the equipment can allow obese patient size by having stretchers with a 1,000 pound capacity and extra width, bariatric bed with expansile deck with power assisted for moving, and a implicit in(p) scale (Muir & Kukla 2009 p. 4). Some of the most frequently practiced nursing diagnoses for the patient during bariatric surgery would be risk for ineffective airway, and risk for hypothermia. Bariatric surgery patients are especially susceptible to an ineffective airway during surgery because these patients â€Å"…tend to have decreased lung expansion delinquent to an em pyreal diaphragm as well as less compliant lungs and chest walls…layers of fat on the chest wall and abdomen along with an elevated diaphragm increase the work of breathing” (Drake, D. J., & Lopez, C. C., 2005, p.5). It is the nurse’s job to closely monitor the patient’s work of breathing during surgery to ensure no complications arise.\r\nAlong with the post-op phase of bariatric surgery come an array of nursing interventions and much requisite education for the patient. While the patient is fully alive(predicate) of the lifestyle changes they mustiness make before surgery is even performed, it now comes to a point where they must act on those changes with full confidence and persistency if the procedure is to be a life-long success. Some common nursing diagnoses for post-op bariatric surgery include risk for nutritional imbalance (less than body requirements), risk for infection, risk for equivocal blood glucose level, risk for impaired tissue i ntegrity, primarily the tissue lining the stomach, and readiness for enhanced self-health management. dieting must be completely altered chase surgery. Bariatric surgery patients are given a â€Å" grim diet post-operatively that regulates the consistency, volume, nutritional and chemical makeup of foods…nurses must understand diet recommendations for the immediate postoperative period and assist the patient in understanding the splendor of adherence” (Drake, D. J., & Lopez, C. C., 2005, p.6).\r\nDiet compliance is of great importance, but there are other very all-important(prenominal) interventions to take into account after bariatric surgery. cardinal important aspects of nursing care include nuisance management, provoke and skin care, and venous thrombo embolism prophylaxis. â€Å"Pulmonary embolism is the second most common cause of mortality rate in bariatric-surgery patients” (Kaser & Kukla, 2009, p.4). DVT’s and VTE’s can be ea sily avoided when the proper nursing interventions are practiced. â€Å"…turning, coughing, and deep breathing (incentive spirometry) are the tried and authorized nursing interventions for pulmonary care in the postoperative surgical patient” (Kaser & Kukla, 2009, p.5). As with wound care, patients should be careful with coughing or practicable nausea leading to vomiting due to chances of dehiscence of the surgical incision sites.\r\nProper nursing care for wounds should be practiced, including â€Å"observing for signs of infection, and keeping the dressings clean and dry… interference of nausea and prevention of vomiting are important during the postoperative phase” (Kaser & Kukla, 2009, p.4). In endpoint the nurses’ role goes beyond providing direct nursing care in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases. For nurses’ to be successful in caring for bariatric patients they submit to look at their knowledge pers onal attitudes and biases. Make sure they are treating the individual, not making assumption on the person’s character, intelligence, or health status based off their weight, be respectful and do not blame. Nurses need to treat the psychosocial aspect of the specific needs of the bariatric patient by giving them appropriate feedback and encourage healing(predicate) behaviors. All of these will make for a successful outcome for the patient. Bariatric surgery is a health promoting and lively intervention (Drake, D. J., & Lopez, C. C., 2005, p.7).\r\nREFERENCES\r\nCenters for Disease Control and Prevention. heavy(a) and Obesity; Retrieved from: http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/adult.html Drake, D. J., & Lopez, C. C. (2005). surgical nursing care of patients after bariatric surgery. Perspectives, 6, 1-5. Grindel, M., & Grindel, C. (2006). Nursing care of the person having bariatric surgery. MEDSURG Nursing, 15(3), 129-146. Kaser, N., Kukla, A., (January 31, 2009). â€Å"Weight-Loss Surgery”. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing Vol. 14, No. 1, Manuscript 4. Retrieved from: http://nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMarketplace/ANAPeriodicals/OJIN/TableofContents/Vol142009/No1Jan09/Weight-Loss-Surgery.html Tanaka, D., & Peniche, A. (2009). Perioperative care for morbid obese patient undergoing bariatric surgery: challenges for nurses [Portuguese]. Acta Paulista De Enfermagem, 22(5), 618-623.\r\n'