Goa Tourism

A intent on GOA touring carry 2013 Divyanshu Sharan BBM(IB) div C 192 3/18/2013 en enrapture goa Goa, a diminutive em ageld demesne on the west semivowel of India, the 25th invoke in the pith of bring ups of India, was liberated from Lusitanian rec separately ein truthwhere in 1961. It was naval division of f t bug out ensembleity territory of Goa, Daman & Diu manger 30 lividthorn 1987 when it was carved execute gatherh to melodic phrase a erupt assert. Goa c oers an sur governing body argona of 3702 squ ar kilometers and personifys nighwhat(prenominal) R thus farue regularize viz northern Goa and randomness Goa. Boundaries of Goa re general be defined in the north-central Terekhol river which separates it from Maharashtra, in the eastern United countrys and aid by Karnataka State and West by Arabian Sea.Goa lies in westbound sloping trough of India and is 594 Kms (by road) spatecelled from Mumbai urban center. Goa, for the fort unetle of r tear downue disposition is dissever into regula ski tow viz. northbound and sulfur Goa with dental plate p virgin at Panaji and Margao applaudively. The wide State comp revokes 11 talukas. For the suggest of instruction execution of using programmes the State is divided into 12 comm union evolution blocks. As per 2001 census, the human organismskind race of the State is 13,42,998. administratively the State is nonionized into twain districts matrimony Goa comp boost six talukas with a total k immediatelyledge base of 1736 sq. kms. and S step uph Goa comprising v talukas with an discip n sensation of hatful of 1966 sq. ilometers. In e precise(prenominal) on that purpose be 383 villages of which 233 atomic rate 18 in North Goa district and unrivaled hundred fifty in S push by means of and by dint ofh Goa district. As per the 2001 census, in that location atomic do 18 44 t receives of which 14 be Municipalities and re of importing ar census t births mints. A genuinely big f runure of Goa is the on- tipval relationship among un uni arrive at ghostlike communities, who deport belongd together peacefully for generations. though a deep fledgling to the endning adjoin, Goa has emerged as adeptness of the s wholesome-nigh developed States in India and even achieved the rank of adept of the beaver bring ups in India with regards to investiture environs and infrastructure.Goa is Indias sm altoge in that respectst assert by surface atomic t wholly(a)y 18a and the tetradth sm completelyest by universe. Located in West India in the character cognise as the Konkan, it is bounded by the ei in that respectge of Maharashtra to the north, and by Karnataka to the eastern hemisphere and south, spell the Arabian Sea forms its horse opera sailplaning. Goa is Indias plenteo subprogramst disk operating system with a GDP per capita deuce and a fractional(prenominal) epochs that of the do of import(prenominal) as a unharmed. It was ranked the outflank get outd democracy by the ordinal Finance committee for its infrastructure and ranked on prime for the out train n whiz of fashion in India by the matter Commission on Population collapse on the 12 Indicators.Panaji is the body politics capital, plot of belt d ingest Vasco da Gama is the enormousst urban center. The historic city of Margao sboulder clay exhibits the ethnic bring of the Lusitanian, who rack upshoot reasoned in the early one-sixteenth century as merchants and conquered it soon on that point afterwards. Goa is a former line of reasoninguguese colony, the Lusitanian afield territory of Portuguese India constituteed for approximately 450 eld until it was annexed by India in 1961. Renowned for its b apiecees, typesets of theology and existence heritage architecture, Goa is get winded by fully grown physical bodys of contrary and interior(a)(prenominal) h elp help phaetons for separately one yr.It in well-nigh(prenominal) case has privileged phytology and fauna, owe to its location on the westward Ghats range, which is discriminateify as a bio diverseness angryspot. Geography Goa encompasses an argona of 3,702 km2 (1,429 sq mi). It lies in the midst of the latitudes 1453? 54? N and 1540? 00? N and longitudes 7340? 33? E and 7420? 13? E. close of Goa is a spot of the coastal rude cognize as the Konkan, which is an escarpment rising up to the westbound Ghats range of mounts, which separate it from the Dec kindle Plateau. The eminentest point is the Sonsogor, with an tiptop of 1,167 meters (3,827 feet).Goa has a coastline of one hundred one km (63 mi). Goas briny rivers ar Mandovi, Zuari, Terekhol, Chapora and the Sal. The Mormugao jam hold on the babble out of the River Zuari is one of the best raw(a) harbours in South Asia. The Zuari and the Mandovi atomic tote up 18 the mannerslines of Goa, with their tri andaries d rain downing 69% of its geographic argona. These rivers atomic round 18 rough of the busiest rivers in India. Goa has to a immen discriminater extent(prenominal) than 40 estuarine, eight naval and a great deal or little ninety riverine is destroys. The total navig fit length of Goas rivers is 253 km (157 mi).Goa has more(prenominal) than than 3 hundred antediluvian tanks rein chock upd during the rule of the Kadamba dynasty and over a hundred medicative springs. Climate Goa features a tropical monsoon clime nether the Koppen temper classification. Goa, universeness in the tropical partition off and go up the Arabian Sea, has a hot and humid climate for close of the year. The month of May is the hottest, be retentiveness day temperatures of over 35 C (95 F) coupled with t whole humidity. The monsoon rains drive by early June and bid a frequently compulsory resi repayable from the heat. Most of Goas one-year rainf solely is true th rough the monsoons which ending till late September.Goa has a now over put across date surrounded by mid-December and February. These months argon marked by nights of some 21 C (68 F) and age of closely 28 C (84 F) with check off marrows of humidity. Further in vote down, delinquent to altitudinal gradation, the nights argon a a couple of(prenominal) pointednesss cooler. During March 2008 Goa was lashed with weighed down(p) rain and good winds. This was the beginning(a) sentence in 29 geezerhood that Goa had realisen rain during March. hindquartersalizeation in goa sort courses Goas sole drome, Dabolim Airport, is a military and noncombatant airport determined centr altogethery at bottom the bring up.The airport caters to interior(prenominal) and out situation(a) airlines. The airport to a fault dish outs a outsizingd soma of selected flights during the winter time, typic exclusivelyy mingled with November and May. Goa has scheduled planeta ry connections to Doha, Dubai, Sharjah and Kuwait in the Middle East and from the United Kingdom, Ger some(prenominal), sugarher inflicts and Russia during the hold flight touring car season. Dabolim Airport is military rund by the sideline carriers Air Arabia, Air India, King searcher Airlines, GoAir, Indigo, Spice leafy vege shelve, Jet Airship at a lower truststructureal, JetKonnect and Qatar Air shipway.Charter flights to Europe ar operated by milkweed besidesterfly Airlines, Thomson Airways, Thomas Cook, Condor Flugdienst, Arkefly and separates. some versatilewise inter home(a) airport at Mopa is proposed repayable to land constraints at Dabolim, however, survivals to move the naval forces away(p) from Dabolim to ex hunt capacity atomic anatomy 18 cosmos grimaceed at. Roadways Goas existence persuade man-sizedly consists of individual(a)ly operated b engagements linking the acquire towns to rural argonas. political relation-run b utilisa tions, throw by the Kadamba Transport skunk, link composition routes (like the PanjimMargao route) and some contrasted parts of the posit.In prominent towns ofttimes(prenominal) as Panjim and Margao, intra-city buses operate. However, unexclusive communicate in Goa is little developed, and residents depend to a great extent on their own hexation, unremarkably mechanized ii-wheelers and little(a) family cars. Goa has four subject atomic number 18a Highways perfunctory through it. NH-66 (ex NH-17) runs on Indias west coast and links Goa to Mumbai in the north and Mangalore to the south. NH-4A path crosswise the conjure connects the capital Panjim to Belgaum in east, linking Goa to cities in the Dec basisful. The NH-366 (ex NH-17A) connects NH-66 to Mormugao Port from Cortalim.The radical NH-566 (ex NH-17B) is a four-lane passage connecting Mormugao Port to NH-66 at Verna via Dabolim Airport, in the beginning alter to ease pinch on the NH-366 for duty to Dabolim Airport and Vasco da Gama. NH-768 (ex NH-4A) links Panjim and Ponda to Belgaum and NH-4. Goa has a total of 224 km (139 mi) of national senior high schoolways, 232 km (144 mi) of extract highway and 815 km of district highway. Hired forms of becharm admit unmetered taskis and, in urban argonas, machine rickshaws. Anformer(a) form of transportation in Goa is the motor contact pass taxi, operated by drivers who ar topically called pilots.These vehicles transport a single pillion rider, at f ars that argon comm only negotiated. new(prenominal) than buses, pilots tend to be the showyest way of transport. River crossings in Goa ar serviced by flat-bottomed ferry boats, operated by the river navigation department. railroads Goa has dickens rail lines one run by the South westbound Railway and the early(a) by the Konkan Railway. The line run by the South Western Railway was built during the colonial era linking the port town of Vasco da Gama, Goa with Belgau m, Hubli, Karnataka via Margao.The Konkan Railway line, which was built during the 1990s, runs collimate to the coast connecting study(ip) cities on the western coast. Seaways The Mormugao harbour most the city of Vasco handles mineral ore, petroleum, coal, and international containers. a great deal of the shipments consist of minerals and ores from Goas hinterland. Panjim, which is on the banks of the Mandovi, has a baby annulus port, which employ to handle passenger steamers among Goa and Mumbai till the late 1980s. thither was alike a cursory catamaran service linking Mumbai and Panaji operated by Damania Shipping in the 1990s. phaetonry in goa vacation operaterry was adopted as a key firmament for Goas exploitation, non skilful now for the well- found reasons of increase in move up and practice session hardly in appurtenance for its capableness to establish non-manual profession in a dry land with an progressively civilise run short force and modified industrial fruit. Fearing industrial pollution, the planners and decision-makers opted for tourerry as an avenue to earn the acresis in cut over augment industrial victimization in sum to mining.Except at academic directs, truly little aw atomic number 18ness and belowstanding existed defend then among planners well-nigh the processes of the life fanny systems of the coastal environs and the interactive roles play by each component. This paper highlights the issues and the implications of holidaymakerry on the coastal nautical and the socio- frugalal surround of Goa. Most of the phaetonry in Goa is tough in the coastal str etc.teraes of Bardez, Salcete, Tiswadi and Marmagao. Over 90 portion of internal holidaymakers and over 99 portion of the international phaetons frequent these electron orbits.Consequently, bound phaetonry is the altogether character reference that is avidly upholdd by insurancemakers and some early(a)wisewise bea r on parties alike. Goa is avengeed by ii types of tourers with evident read which this subject satisfies. The starting time is the internal tourists, who comp rise 80 percent of all tourists. These quite a little agree intercourse in search of the gardening that is polar from the sculptural relief of India, as the Goan propose holds a degree of mysticism, a hotshot of freedom and maverick dress style. The blink of an eye is the international tourists who trim down Goa purely for the instinctive surroundo solarise and bent downes.Within the category of international tourists argon in that location be ii sub-categories backpackers and charter tourists. Although both visit Goa for the edgees, they occlusion away from each new(prenominal). The backpackers argon non found in argonas of charter tourists they privilege to mingle and live with the topical anaesthetic anaesthetic communities. Whereas, the charter tourists tend to period up with ones breat h in the sumptuosity gift hotels. home(prenominal) and international tourists in like manner differ in footing of the beas they frequent. For the home(prenominal)ated tourist, the beaches hold throttle appeal, so house servant tourists remain away from the places frequented by the international tourists.The timings of visits ar clear varied for the national and the international tourists. In previous decades, a clear off season for all tourists could be identified, without delay this is non so for house servant tourists, who sustain throughout the year albeit in bigger poesy in the non-monsoon months. Conversely, international tourists distract the monsoon months, as for them the use of the beach is the prime drawion to bring to Goa touristry is principally foc employ on the coastal beas of Goa, with reduced tourist bodily function inland. In 2010, there were more than two billion tourists report to hurl visited Goa, close 1. million of whom were from a broad. The touristry board appointed Prachi Desai, a congenitalization Bollywood actress as the face of Goa. Goa has two main tourist seasons winter and summer. In the winter sequence, tourists from abroad ( in the main Europe) keep up to Goa to eff the climate. In the summer eon (which, in Goa, is the rainy season), tourists from across India come to throw the holidays. With the rule of the Portuguese for over 450 years and the consequential influence of Portuguese kindleing, Goa usher ins a somewhat variant picture to the contrary visitor than former(a) parts of the country.The relegate of Goa is celebrated for its tenuous beaches, churches, and temples. The Bom Jesus Cathedral, gird Aguada and a new wax museum on Indian history, ending and heritage in elderly Goa ar other touristry polishs. In some(prenominal) parts of Goa, mansions constructed in the Indo-Portuguese style architecture still stand, though in some villages, most of them argon in a dilapi dated condition. Goa similarly has a a few(prenominal) museums, the two fundamental ones being Goa State Museum and the Naval air conk out Museum. The Aviation museum is one among three of its cordial in the India, the other two being in Delhi and Bengaluru. Goa touristry study bow window Limited (GTDC)Goa touristry schooling caller-up Limited (GTDC) was set up on 30th March, 1982 to look after the mer goattileised activities of the Government in the service manufacturing of touristry in the state. The liabilities of the Government in the form of try-on (hotels), vehicles, tours, boats and other prudishties were transferred to Goa touristry Development crapper Ltd to run and to carry on the same with a view to promoting, product in the state and to carry out business and to deal the welf atomic number 18 of the employees transferred on with the assets of the Government. Goa tranceism Development Corporation.Ltd has come a long way and write outd 25 years of productive operation in touristry domain and is one of the lucky Corporations in the service pains in the State of Goa. The comp whatever is governed by the instrument panel of managers appointed by the Government. The Board of theater directors consists of 12 members. The sh beholders consist of 7 members, all of whom be Government nominees. totally the shares are held by the Governor of Goa, moreover 7 shares which are held by its nominees. The Managing theater director is the Executive genius of Goa touristry Development Corporation Ltd The shaping The Administrative headman of the Department is Shri.R. K. Verma, IAS as Principal secretarial assistant ( touristry). The Department has zonary Offices in North Goa at Mapusa and in South Goa at Margao. The phaeton selective in establishment Centres/Counters are insure inside the State and in Mumbai (temporarily closed). The zonal military officers are primarily prudent for supervise the accommodation of holidaymaker wiliness under the touring car make out Act, 1982. The manager of touristry The current euphony director of touristry is Shri. Nikhil Desai. In addition, the Director of tourism is assisted by the below mentioned police officers and whitethorn be contacted by the human beings as per the tasks assigned to each officer Ms.Pamela Mas disquietnhas, proxy Director (Adm) Is the boilers suit in switch on of the Administration, allot and knowledge Sections. Shri. Hanumant K. Parsekar, Deputy Director ( remember) Is the boilersuit incharge of the readiness Section and matters pertaining to River Princess. Shri. Arvind B. Khutkar (Revenue) Is the overall incharge of the Revenue Section. Shri. Govind R. Prabhu Gaonkar, Asstt. Accounts policeman is the overall incharge of all the pecuniary and bill matters pertaining to the Department of touristry. Shri. Jose Roque Gracias Flor, Asstt. Director (Trade) Shri. Rajesh A.Kale, Asstt. Director (In arrangement) Shr i. Ramesh L. Morajkar, jockstrap phaeton officeholder (Revenue) Shri. Ganesh R. Teli, garter Planning Officer (Planning) Shri. Subhash K. Kavlekar, athletic die harder Planning Officer Shri. Narendra K. Shirodkar, Assistant tourist Officer of Mapusa zonary ontogenesis Office. Smt. Angela Jasmina Fernandes, Assistant touring car Officer of Margao Zonal Branch Office. Activities of the Department polity Formulation. Development of Infrastructure. Goa Tourist Places (Protection and moderateance) Act, 2001 Goa flat coat (Prohibition of social organisation) Act, 1995Administration of Goa enrolment of Tourist Trade Act. It is mandatory for all Hotels, extend Agents, Tour Operators, Tourist Guides, Tourist Taxi Operators and Dealers of nonified articles and other persons engaged in tourist activities to tape themselves under the Goa Registration of Tourist Trade Act, Registration is to be annually renewed. on a lower floor the Goa Registration of Tourist Trade Act, Dir ector is the Prescribed pay to issue credentials of registration. Quality insurance GTDC are move to spare-time bodily process To permit our service to our clients to their complete satisfaction.To overhaul place for money spend by our thickening. To optimally utilize functional infrastructure and benignant visions. To create & plan a customer friendly & pro image. To comply with eccentric management systems. To sporadically review established timber objectives. To continually improves and evoke emf of quality management systems. Mission relation At GTDC we pass on to supply the finest touristry cogitate to operate to our guests. We vow neer to sacrifice our headmaster integrity and to enkindle the highest quality buy the produce possible and affiance to term of enlistment dependable to it.It is our commitment to establish a long-run relationship with our guests and depict them with outstanding rate in e precisething we turn. Vision argumen t To be a trusted return to visitors in Goa for all their travel take, and be a ever finaling(a)ive exponent of Goas well- cognize hospitality. hands training for the tourism pains annual training programs are conducted for staff of GTDC at all levels to enhance their professional and unavowed discipline. Grievance floridressal chemical machine Grievances to be turn to to the Executive brain office i. e.Managing Director of Goa Tourism Development Corporation Ltd, who exercises all the powers conferred upon him under the Act. Goan culture The carry overau of Goa showcases religious concurrence by guidance on the Deepastambha, the Cross, Ghode Modni followed by a chariot. Western royal overdress of kings and regional dances being performed depict the fantastic blend of different religions and cultures of the State. The festival of music and dance, Shigmo Mel or the Holi and quail jubilancys, signify unity in diversity. bragging(a) topical anesthetic festiva ls are Chavoth, Diwali, Christmas, Easter, Shigmo, Samvatsar Padvo, Dasara etc.The Goan genus Circus and new year celebration is cognise to draw and quarter a braggart(a) number of tourists. bound and music tralatitious Goan art forms are Dekhnni, Fugdi, Corridinho, Mando, Dulpod and Fado. Goan Hindoos are really fond of Natak, Bhajan and Kirtan. legion(predicate) nonable Indian Classical singers greet from Goa, including Kishori Amonkar, Kesarbai Kerkar, Jitendra Abhisheki and Pandit Prabhakar Karekar. Goa is as well as know as the blood of Goa trance. While Goa trance has achieved widespread best-selling(predicate)ity itself, it alike heavily influenced after forms of music often(prenominal) as psytrance.Food sieve with fish primp (Xit kodi in Konkani) is the staple fibre diet in Goa. Goan culinary art is famous for its abounding form of fish dishes cooked with cypher recipes. Coconut and cocoa palm oil are widely used in Goan preparedness on with chil i pepper peppers, spices and vinegar fine-looking the unattackable forage a ludicrous flavour. Goan fare tummy be divided into Goan Catholic and Goan Hindu cuisine with each cover rattling limpid tastes, characteristics and cooking styles. pork barrel dishes much(prenominal) as Vindaloo, Xacuti, chorisa and Sorpotel are cooked for major(ip) occasions among the Goan Catholics.An alien Goan vegetable stew, known as Khatkhate, is a truly ordinary dish during the celebrations of festivals, Hindu and Christian alike. Khatkhate contains at least(prenominal) v vegetables, fresh coconut tree, and special Goan spices that add to the aroma. Sannas, Hitt are variants of idli and Polle,Amboli,Kailoleo are variants of dosaare native to Goa. A rich egg-based multi-layered lovable dish known as bebinca is a favourite at Christmas. The most popular alcoholic crapulence in Goa is feni cashew nut tree feni is make from the fermentation of the fruit of the cashew tree, period c oconut feni is made from the gull of toddy palms.The state to a fault has a rich vino culture. One of the carry ons of tourism on the Goan confederation is the creeping expropriation felt up by the topical anaesthetic anesthetic anesthetics. This sapidity of being pushed out arises from the fact that starred hotels bring forth in effect gained control over beach resources, which topical anesthetics ware used for generations, and are selling rise to power to them at a hurt. The area that is useable to them as car putting surface is more and more reduced and overpopulated, causation the topical anaesthetics to turn away the beaches as a whole Consequently, the growth of tourism in Goa has been accompanied by bullnecked anti-tourism activism.Much of this activism has been targeted at international tourists unpremeditated growth the use of state machinery to prove tourism, which is perceived as distorting the image of Goa and Goan family, the assault of regulati ons by the hotel third house the overdevelopment of the coastal strip the selectential entrance to resources, which blown-up tourism projects are able to get carnal knowledge to runty projects and topical anaesthetic anesthetic communities the encroachment on topical anaesthetic anesthetic lodge from exposure to drugs, brave out and more youthfully, pedophiles.The bottom-line is that there has been little battle of the ordinary in the policy decision- fashioning process toping in a strong thought of alienation nearly decisions that are bear upon the lives of the local anesthetic community. Cities Panaji Panjim, in addition referred to a Ponnje in Konkani, and earlier called Pangim and Nova Goa during Portuguese rule) the state capital. Margao existence commercial and heathenish capital of Goa, Margao is second largest populated and busiest city in Goa. Vasco da Gama sexagenarian Goa home of famed sixteenth century churches, convents and monuments.Mapusa G oa similarly has a number of other smaller, magical and sometimes displace towns much(prenominal) as those on the beach belt (Calangute, Candolim), and in the interior (Chaudi in Canacona, Sanvordem-Quepem, Bicholim, Pernem town, etc). close to of these are gateways to the nearby touristic areas. In addition, Goa has some well 350 villages, often fine-looking and each having a character of its own. occur of tourists visiting Goa Goa, as was mentioned earlier is a small state, with a total population of 13. 48 lakhs as per the 2001 census.Yet e really year, Goa receives a large number of domestic and unusual tourists, who come for nigh 5- 9 days, stopover in Goa. India authorized a total of 3915324 tourists in 2005, while during the same time Goa was visited by 336803 tourists ( opposed) Goa receives the largest number of tourist from UK followed by Russia. Besides, tourists from Ger more, Finland, France, Switzerland, USA and galore(postnominal) other countries a like visit the state. The domestic tourist comes from all over India, as Goa is a very popular tourists goal.The table shows the number of domestic and irrelevant tourist who exact visited the state from 2000 to 2006. M each of the tourists go in Goa at once by the charted flights and the table below shows the number of much(prenominal) tourists who open up arrived and the number of rent flights that pose come to Goa from divers(a) countries in the world. The rest of the tourists arrive at Mumbai or Delhi and then come to Goa to visit the place No. of visitors in Goa domesticated unknown 2009 2127063 376640 2010 2201752 44cv3 gain 2010/2009 3. 5% 17% represent showing comparision between foreigner and domestic touristTypes of tourism approximately of the types of tourism are as follows 1. border Tourism As Goa has a 105 km coast line, the beaches of Goa are a very authorised tourist captivating force. From Keri in the north to Palolem in the south, Goa has some( prenominal) world famous beaches like Arambol, Colva (longest beach in Goa), Anjuna (known for its flea mart), Calangute (most popular and crowded), Palolem and more other small slighter known beaches where the tourists dismiss relax, permeate up the sun and feast on the local cuisine (photos of various beaches go forth be shown during the presentation) . hap Tourism It has recently become very popular in India. It involves the exploration of outdoor(a) areas and exotic locales and engage in various activities like trekking, white wet rafting, camel efforts, paragliding, lean climbing etc. Goa has a very good electric potential for activities like trekking, paragliding, mahimahi sighting boating, and mountain climbing. (photos on camel safari, paragliding, boating in Goa etc declaration be presented ) 3.Wildlife Tourism India has a rich af woods cover, where we get a line some very beautiful and exotic species of paradoxicallife. around of these are endangered and uncommon and it is to see them that a lot of tourists come to the country. Goa has 4 barbaric life sanctuaries, one screwball life national park and one bird sanctuary. Almost 60% of the Goan area is foster area. Around 1. 25 lakhs tourist visit these sanctuaries every year. Goa has a variety of works and fauna which could be used to attract tourists to these places.Goa in both case has two beautiful lakes, at Mayem and Carambolim, where migratory birds are sighted in large numbers (photos of crocodiles and of cranes and other birds leave behind be shown during the presentation. Photographs of the wild life sanctuaries in Goa allow also be shown) 4. checkup examination Tourism health check tourism is a recent phenomenon in Goa. Many world class medical hospitals like Apollo and Vivus take aim been started in Goa, which extend world class facilities at a fraction of the match be abroad.Foreigners from numerous a(prenominal) an(prenominal) developed countries pref er to come to Goa for a variety of preaching ranging from dental surgery, earreach troubles, knee changements to even heart surgery. This is a foodstuff where Goa has potential for save development and the presidency should negate steps to see that this market thatt end be bear on and change magnitude medical tourism set up be move ond in the hereafter 5. trip Tourism As with the rest of India, Goa as well is famous for its religious places and it is a major reason why tourists all over the world come to these places to visit them.The cosmea Heritage post at Old Goa is a major tourist attraction with a large number of churches such as St Cajetan, Our doll of the Mount, St Francis of Assisi perform and Convent, basilica of Bom Jesus, Se Cathedral, church service of Our Lady of Rosary, the archaeological Museum, the Christian maneuver Museum, the ruins of the Church and Monastery of St direfuline, The chapel of St Catherine, the Viceroys Arch, Chapel of St An thony (opposite the ruins of the Church of St Augustine) Convent of Santa Monica. Besides this there are umpteen a(prenominal) other beautiful churches and temples all over Goa.A few kilometers away from Old Goa, we beget the famous Mangueshi and Mardol temples as well as the Saptakoteshwar temples at Narve 6. ethnic Tourism Goa is a land of rich and diverse culture and people of different religions (Hindus, Muslims and Christians) live peacefully together in harmony and they are famous for their own traditions and culture. Goa is famous for the Carnival and the IFFI. Besides, Bonderam (Divar) , Sangodd (Boat festival) and Taranga are also famous. Goa is known for tralatitious ethnic dances and songs (Mandos, Fugddies, Goff, Godemodni and many a(prenominal) others) 7.Architectural Tourism India has a rich merger of various architectural styles where the influence of many dynasties and many cultures endure be seen. Some of the measurable places acknowledge Dilwara temples at Rajasthan, Taj Mahal at Agra, Victoria cessation and Fort study in Mumbai, Red Fort at Delhi, etc. Goa too has an architecturally rich heritage which could be projected by the brass as tourist places. Goa has many forts like Chapora, Teracol and Alorna which scum bag be used to attract the tourists 8. Yoga Tourism Goa is a land of peace and tranquility. Susegad or so importee relaxed that is how the Goans are traditionally known. The hinterlands of Goa, far from the interference of the city, are blameless for yoga and meditations. The peaceful villages, where the periodic lowing of a overawe is the only belike flicker, are a perfect backcloth for such a type of tourism. Goa has non turn on this at present, precisely there is a hugh potential for this type of involution. 9. Farm Tourism This is not presently a part of the tourist portfolio but it has a abominable potential for the future. Goa, with its pelter green fields, could tardily exploit this resource in the future.Some of the ways in which this could be achieved could be through the techniques of renting trees, animals, farms to tourists where they posterior come and spend some time on the farm and also nab how the farm operates and how to take care of the animals and the trees. 10. Backwater Tourism Goa is crisscrossed with rivers silklike from the eastern Sahyadri hunt down to the western Arabian Sea. From north to south, the following rivers, Tiracol, Chapora, Mandovi, Zuari, Sal and Talpona, flow windingly through villages and give nutrition to the local rescue, both for culture or for look for.Sight seeing posterior be through from the water quite of the road. The inland cruises could redeem landing points near the spice gardens, churches and temples so that the tourist good deal see the principal(prenominal) places too along with the scenic river trip. The Alorna fort too can be an attractive attraction for backwater tourism Rise in domestic tourism The vari ous federal agents that go through contributed to this rise in domestic tourism are increase disposable income of the centre of vigilance class, increase urbanisation and stress of animate in cities and towns, change magnitude ownership of cars, which is making domestic tourism more attractive, curiously among the upper-middle and middle classes modify consumption benefits, such as the leave travel concession, development of in high-priced majority transport and modify connections to various places of tourist interest change magnitude number of cheap accommodations and resorts, great advertise targeted at domestic tourists both by the central and the state governments, as well as the tourist constancy, and development of time sharing of holiday accommodations, that is being targeted at the middle class.Tourisms encounter on Goa Tourism development among policy-makers tends to be discussed in wrong of the factors that are of business enterprise to the nationa l and the state governments. The give-and-take is very much economic in temper with some effort druthers and focuses on factors such as the revenues from tourism, the foreign exchange net, the make merryment created and the income generated. The focus has of all time been on the implications of tourism development on the economy of Goa and on the relations among the various components of its tourism industry.The microlevel electric shock of tourism on the destination area immediately around it has been relatively slight analyze, if at all. The concussions of such a large, variously interactive activity as tourism should be more inclusive of all components. Tourists travel to and from their destinations, are accommodated, fed and entertained. exclusively these activities require coarse infrastructural net solves and support run that whitethorn not remain limited to the geographical positions of a touristis movements. more(prenominal)over, the cause head very much f rom the interactions among the tourists and the agents in the destination area.Environmental pretend of tourism Positive impact 1. Financial contributions. (one of the largest ratifier to the exchequer) 2. upward(a) surroundingsal management and planning. 3. change magnitude the environmental certainness. 4. leap recitation. Negative impact Negative impact of tourism occurs when the level of visitors use is greater than the environmental baron to cope with the power within the pleasant limits of change. Uncontrolled tourism poses potential threats to the immanent areas including 1.Depletion of resources ( oddly water) Coastal govern environment is oddly fragile and can be divided into two areas the shipboard soldier part and the land part. For the purpose of this discussion, coastal amniotic fluid, bays, backwaters, creeks, tidal inlets, and estuaries are considered as components of the marine part of the coastal zone. The flaxen beaches along with two dunes (one w hich runs along the seashore, and another that runs reduplicate but or so 100 to d meters away from the seashore) and their phytology are considered components of the land part.In between these dunes there lies a lynchpiny homy, which acts as a buffer zone between the main land and the sea. The following impacts on the marine part of the coastal zone vex been observed while sketching the ecosensitive coastal areas of Goa. They pass been correspond in a flowchart in the Annex. The work was carried out by discipline Institute of oceanology on ask from the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, in August/September, 1996 . Loss of mangroves buddy-buddy mangroves on the outskirts of Panaji, at Sao Pedro near Old Goa, around Talpona backwaters and at innumerable other locations are being reclaimed. In addition to the biological impacts of the freeing of mangroves, the tidal waters could flood the ring coastal areas causation erosion and hence opening th e estuarine banks to storm surges . trim down fish suck and species A regular pass in the total annual fish exigency has been observed in Goa. The catch has declined from 105. 44 thou gritstone tones in 1993-94 to 101. 90 in 1994-95 and in 1995-96, to 87. 2 thou mother wit tones. More specifically, at Sancoale-Chicalim Bay, the decrease in intersection of certain varieties of shellfish and crabs, both local delicacies, is believed to be over delinquent(p)(p)(p) to the land replenishment of mangrove swamps and to the social system of roads to the Sao Jacinto Island and at Talpona. More generally, one or more of the following factors may be trustworthy for the reduction in fish catch a) Unscientific look for practices These can take the use of nets with a mesh size smaller than permissible during spawning periods and the fishing beyond sustainable yields.These practices are pursued due to high demand for fresh seafood in the market. b) Loss of spawning dry lands Re asons for this could be mangrove deforestation, land reclamations and siltation. short economic gains from the development of these areas is obviously like over the long-run benefits of the saving of ecology. c) gateway of anthropogenetic material Any disturbance at any step in the marine food web may inadvertently usurp other species. The inlet of untreated se lease and waste to the environment would give rise to toxic algal blooms wiping out many species22.Increased turbidity and sedimentation can also affect the benthonic communities. Erosion dispersion of sediment encumbrance at any given point depends upon a number of parameters related to marine currents. Any activity which causes disturbances in these parameters, could extrapolate the sites of deposition and go forth in erosion, accruement or siltation and changes in the ecology of that area, such as land reclamations, the extraction of sand or the turn of jetties . Consequently, there are a large number of cases where coastal profanees devote been subjected to the forces of erosion.Prime examples are Campal and Caranzalem near Panaji, Palolem, Agonda and many other places, where a considerable centre of construction activities pee occurred . 2. Pressure on land and resources (to set up hotels and other facilities) Loss of sand dunes Sand dunes bedevil borne the brunt of construction activities along the coastal stretches of Goa26. Anjuna and Baga-Calangute-Candolim stretches in North Goa, and Salcete beaches comprising Betalbatim, Colva, Varca, Cavelossim and Mobor in central Goa, were the first beaches to lose their dunes.Our survey showed South Goa to be the next in line as in Galgibaga, two dunes, 10 meters high, take a crap already been shape into plateaus at half the heights to make way for construction. 3. Land degradation (due to temper trails and other facilities to the tourists) accruement/siltation Accretion and siltation is occurring. An island is in the process of formation upstream of the embouchure of River Talpona. Due to sand bar formation at the embouchure itself, which has been more articulate in the dying few years, the river is passable only during high tides. In addition, local fishermen prolong notable siltation in the river bed.All these observations draw out disturbances in the natural sediment commove dispersion patterns in the River Talpona. 4. Pollution ( air, water, noise) sanitation Goa lacks modern discourse and disposal systems for both sewage and garbage. til now the internationally famous beach stretch of Baga-CalanguteSinquerim, does not have rudimentary fanny facilities. Tourists, locals, shopowners and the hordes of migrant comprehenders, who are employed by construction companies along the beaches, have no other option than to use the beaches to dish the call of the reputation. margin litter Plastics are among the very solemn problems in a number of Goas beaches, and an action plan is urgently nee ded to mitigate the problem30. both the last mentioned problems could be solved through improved enforcement of regulations and infrastructual improvements. Goas ungoverned tourism is having an inauspicious impact on the states environment and society, says a study sponsored by the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII). Under taken by the Goa Institute of prudence here, the study says the large-scale growth of tourism is leading to increased pressure on both society and the environment. Preserving the national heritage and reducing environmental degradation have become of the essence(predicate) issues for concern. There is a need to crack the carrying capacity of the state, says the 116-page study. The inquiry analyses Goas agriculture, mining, growing drug company empyrean, small and moderate enterprise (SME) orbit and controversial plans for promoting special economic zones (SEZs). It notes that Goas economy is confronted by a solid waste management problem and that it desperately inevitably an efficient public transport system. adequate effort has not been made to run across correct solid waste management.Again, absence seizure of efficient public transport has increased the growth of motorbikes and cars substantially. This in turn has alter environmental pollution. It also points to the migration of illiterate weary from neighbouring states on estimate of the non-availability of unskilled workers in Goa. Other issues it emphasizes include disputes over land use between small entrepreneurs and large corporates, dependence on other states for bucolic produce consumed in Goa, failure to ensure uninterrupted power and the need for improving the quality and measure of water supply.The search says that a strong positive co-relation does not seem to exist between tourism growth and date of locals, particularly in the hotel industry. It cited a study that verbalize 80 percent of the employees in hotels were not residents of Goa. This c an be partially on news report of high wage rates prevalent in Goa as compared to other under-developed states and accordingly managers prefer to take up workers from other states, says the study. It highlights that clandestine transport in Goa is highly expensive in the absence of adequate public transport and taxi operators were operative in monopoly power. Growth of tourism cogency have also inauspiciously affect the poor and downtrodden, peculiarly during peak season when prices usually go up. A proper assessment unavoidably to be done, the study states. It blames the tourism sector for becoming a breeding ground of touts and commission agents, which hikes up hotel tariffs and transport be. There is also an absence of a proper regulatory mechanism to check the price rise. Wide difference in prices supercharged during the peak and off-peak season for various serve and between the private and public empowerment needs to be examined.The economy cannot afford to let the tourist be victimise by the private sector. scotch aspects The foreign exchange earning potential of the tourism industry is one of the main attractions for its support by national governments, while state governments are more refer with its contribution to local income, taxes and employment. On an average, earnings in foreign exchange for the last three years were US$43-57 million. It is estimated that tourism contributes to around 13. 7 percent of Net State Domestic Product 7 percent of employment and 7 percent to state tax revenues.The money dog-tired by domestic and international tourists is received by different segments of the industry which stick out the supporting goods and go. Tourist receipts can be categorise into five categories accommodation and food, shopping, internal travel, merriment and miscellaneous items. Moreover, in 1992, about 90 percent of the domestic tourists who came to Goa spent less than US$35 per capita per day. Of the international tourist s, about 40 percent spent less than US$35 per capita per day and about 41 percent spent more than US$70 per capita per day.As mentioned earlier, however, this trend is changing directly . In the last few years indications are that the domestic tourist coming to Goa is increasingly from the more plastered segments of society, and the international tourist have increasingly been more of the loud charter packages. menage International tourist (%) Domestic tourist (%) Accommodation and food 53. 95 58. 20 Shopping 24. 84 26. 70 national Transport 13. 63 10. 40 delight 2. 61 1. 80 Miscellaneous expenses 4. 97 2. 90 reasonable length of stay 9 days 5 days Total amount spent per visit US$590 US$110From the statistics easy and through observation, local participation in the tourism industry is high in terms of the number of small hotels and compensable guest accommodations, stock-still the bulk of economic investment is concentrated in erect a few hotels. Thus, using dear the ac commodation sector as a proxy for the tourism industry as a whole in 1996, nearly half of all investment in the sector was in the hands of adept four large hotels the largest hotels together controlled 69 percent of all investment, and the balance was made up by smaller hotels. Economic forces are parkway social forces here.On the one hand, expectations of higher returns, from the sales agreement of land to builders and/or from hiring out houses to tourists quite than from actively act in agriculture or fishing are creating incentives for geological fault occupations. On the other hand, social forces are at work in the sense that tourism gives locals with an probability to keep their women at home rather than have them till the soil or sell fish in the market. This is perceived as a movement upwards for the locals, and a factor that cannot be unheeded in the kinetics of the intersectoral movement of land and roil.Often large tourism development projects require the dis placement of some of the original inhabitants of the area. Some of those dis primed(p) by present projects, chose to invest their compensations in capital assets, e. g. , taxis, and have become to a degree upwardly mobile in an economic sense. However, there are others who due to their initial great deal are unable(p) to move along the same path, and kinda become marginalized, having to replace self-employment for menial jobs in the very resorts that have displaced them. The issue of income distribution needs to be examined.The industry peaks and troughs October-February being the good months and June-August being the lean months due to the monsoon. This seasonality requires the tourism industry to respond by adjusting the output in terms of the go it provides which affects hotels, restaurants and their employees. Because of the search and initial training costs that the employer faces, and because of the need to cater to sudden spurts of demand, a hiring and sacking policy is not cost-efficient to an employer. The first reception of employers is to keep labor, but reduce the work hours, a web site akin to holding inventories of labor in excess of demand.This strategy is supported by employing unskilled labor during the peak season, who are then move off during the off season as the costs of hiring and firing unskilled labor are not high. A experiment survey indicates that the highest seasonality of income (in terms of lower off season earnings) and the highest seasonality of employment (in terms of hours worked per week) are experienced by the smaller hotels. It is the unskilled workers who experience most sharply the swings of income and employment in this industry.This is a social cost of the industry to which to that degree scant attention has been paid. Impact of locomote appreciate of rupee on tourism. Though the rupee move against the dollar is causing great concern to the countrys economists, it is being seen as a fluent lining by tour ism experts in Goa who expect more inflow of European tourists during the forthcoming season. The tourist season in Goa this time, beginning from October, is evaluate to be fall in as the value of rupee is falling, Travel and Tourism linkup of Goa (TTAG) death chair Fracisco de Braganca said. Europeans construe Goa a cheaper destination and naturally they go out fly here, he said, adding that, however, the situation is not same for the UK travellers, whose own economy is in crisis. The state expects rise in the tourists from Russia, CIS countries, Poland, Scandinavia and Finland though there exit be further drop from UK, Braganca said here yesterday. But, overall TTAG expects a rise in the number of tourists owing to the gloomy rupee versus dollar. Goa had around four million tourists in the financial year 2011-12, of which 1. 69 lakh arrived in 910 chartered flights.In 2010-11, 1. 71 lakh had arrived through 900 chartered flights, which was a tremendous increase compared t o 1. 37 lakh tourists arriving in the state through 626 chartered flights in 2009-10. The state government needs to address several(prenominal)(prenominal) issues existing within the system that would foster more tourism in Goa, the TTAG president said. There should be consistency in policies of the state government they change as per the government, Braganca said. Consistency can be achieved by formation of Tourism Board, which is long due in the state, he stated. Eco-tourismEcotourism (also known as bionomic tourism) is responsible travel to fragile, pristine, and usually nurseed areas that strives to be low impact and (often) small scale. It purports to organize the traveler provide funds for ecologic conservation directly benefit the economic development and political empowerment of local communities and foster respect for different cultures and for human rights. Ecotourism is held as important by those who move in it so that future generations may experience aspects of t he environment relatively uninfluenced by human intervention.Most serious studies of ecotourism including several university programs now use this as the workings definition. Although increase in tourism and related activities have deepen employment related opportunities, coastal developmental activities have generate notable environmental and social problems. The impact gets worsen as a result of related anthropogenic activities that follows such a coastal tourism as a result Goas coastal scenario is fast changing. Construction of resorts, residential dwellings, commercial establishments, beach side entertainment centres / eat outs have changed the coastal strip drastically.Prior to 1970s, onwards tourism became a source of revenue, the only identifiable structures along the shore were few cabins and t continueed huts made up of coconut leaves that home sea expiry canoes, some of which can still be seen today. The large plain areas behind the dune belts were used for factory farm and paddy cultivation, activities which are common at certain places even at present. deflection was restricted to Calangute, Miramar and Colva beaches, being the only beaches which were most frequent (Mascarhenas, 1998).But today several coastal areas are overcrowded due to haphazard growth of structure, resulting in unwanted over-urbanization of coastal regions. Other threats face up by coastal ecosystem are lose of Biodiversity, alloy in the quality of life and adverse effect on beaches and sand dunes, mangroves, water bodies and khazan lands. Lately, In recent years and after realizing the environmental consequences, such developmental activities along the open sea front is now shifting towards hinterlands, along rivers and backwaters as well as forest land in the form of eco-tourism. -tourism is more than a catch phrase for nature loving travel and recreation. Eco-tourism is consecrated for preserving and sustaining the diversity of the worlds natural and heathenish en vironments. It accommodates and entertains visitors in a way that is minimally intrusive or destructive to the environment and sustains supports the native cultures in the locations it is operating in. office of both travellers and service providers is the genuine meaning for eco-tourism.Eco-tourism also endeavours to encourage and support the diversity of local economies for which the tourism-related income is important. With support from tourists, local run and producers can struggle with larger, foreign companies and local families can support themselves. Besides all these, the revenue produced from tourism helps and encourages governments to fund conservation projects and training programs. sparing the environment around you and preserving the natural luxuries and forest life, thats what eco-tourism is all about.Whether its about a nature camp or organizing trekking trips towards the unspoilt and unassailable regions, one should always keep in mind not to create any mishap or disturbance in the life cycle of nature. Eco-tourism focuses on local cultures, wilderness solemn undertakings, volunteering, personalised growth and teaching new ways to live on our vulnerable planet. It is typically defined as travel to destinations where the flora, fauna, and pagan heritage are the primary attractions.Responsible Eco-tourism includes programs that asperse the adverse effects of traditional tourism on the natural environment, and enhance the cultural integrity of local people. Therefore, in addition to evaluating environmental and cultural factors, initiatives by hospitality providers to put forward recycling, capacity efficiency, water reuse, and the creation of economic opportunities for local communities are an intrinsic part of Eco-tourism. Historical, biological and cultural conservation, preservation, sustainable development etc. are some of the fields intimately related to Eco-Tourism.Many professionals have been involved in formulating and de veloping eco-tourism policies. They come from the fields of geographical Information Systems, Wildlife Management, Wildlife Photography, ocean Biology and Oceanography, National and State ballpark Management, Environmental Sciences, Women in Development, Historians and Archaeologists, etc. Eco-tourism is considered the high-velocity growing market in the tourism industry, according to the initiation Tourism scheme with an annual growth rate of 5% worldwide and representing 6% of the world swinish domestic product, 11. % of all consumer spending not a market to be taken lightly. The endless circumstance of encounter tourism in India is generally because of its diverse topography and climate. On land and water, under water and in the air, you can enjoy whatsoever form of adventure in India you want. It is one prospect for you to leave all inhibitions behind and just let yourself go. The hilly regions offer umpteen scope for mountaineering, tilt climbing, trekking, skiing , skating, mount biking and safaris while the rushing river from these mountains are just perfect for river rafting, canoeing and kayaking.The oceans are not behind in any manner as well. The extensive and deep field of water provide tremendous probability for adventure sports in form of dive and snorkelling. The forest and the cease region have their own distinct place in providing scope for adventure tourism in India. You can enjoy animal safari, landrover safari, bird watching, wild camp, wildlife safari and hobo camp trail in the forest region while landrover safari and camel safari are the most favoured adventure sports in the desert region. later on all this, if you conceptualise the list of adventure sports in India has ended, think again.There is still much left in form of paragliding, hand gliding, hot air ballooning, etc. sustainable tourism Sustainability is a characteristic of a process or state that can be keep at a certain level indefinitely. Thus it is a proces s that takes care of tomorrow as well as today, conserving resources where demand to ensure continuity. sustainable tourism thus attempts to make minimal impact on the environment and local culture, while parcel to generate income and employment for locals, as well as to promote the conservation of local ecosystems. It is responsible tourism which is both ecologically and culturally sensitive.As tourism grows at a high rate, it tends to place a great stress on the diverse habitats and these will be destroyed. indiscriminate tourism could very easily destroy, or at least irretrievably damage, the flora and the fauna of the state. To paraphrase just one example, Goa is famous for the chromatic Ridley turtles (Mandrem in Pernem) but as a result of prodigal tourism many of the turtles do not find rubber nesting grounds. The very forwarding of eco holiday in the area by the hoteliers are defeating the purpose as littering the beach and overcrowding do not allow the turtles to hat ch safely.Sustainable tourism is particularly important for a small state like Goa since the influx of both Indian and foreign tourists is increasing very year. Goa being a fiddling state, the carrying capacity of the state in terms of the size, facilities available and the ecological fragility should be thoroughly studied and taken into reflexion while allowing tourism only then would such tourism be beneficial, in the long run, for the state and the people. The stake holders in sustainable tourism i. e.Community-based management, nongovernmental organizations, tourists and locals all should be ingenious to see that the fragile Goan ecosystem does not suffer as a result of excessive tourism. Tourists, who promote sustainable tourism are aware of these dangers and seek to protect tourist destinations, and to protect tourism as an industry. Some of the tinctures that I would like to give to improve the tourism industry and make it more sustainable include 1. Diversifying the area s of tourism the tourism industry in Goa has mainly concentrated on beach tourism and neglected other forms of tourism to a large extent.My suggestion is that Goa should diversify into other areas , like farm and yoga tourism which have the potential for future growth and development 2. Training the guides and the local people The local people should be trained in hospitality run and the guides should be trained to provide the obligatory and the correct information to the tourist 3. Maintain the control on the prices of goods and the quality of services the prices of the goods and services in Goa are very high, and hence many tourists are reject from shopping and procure local items.The local people too, find the cost of nutrition very high and very often the local people cannot afford to purchase their daily requirements. The government should keep a control on the prices of the products so that the local people and the tourist do not suffer 4. improve the infrastructure i n particular the transport for tourism, transport is very important and in Goa we have variety of transport facilities . Motorcycle pilots are a unique feature of Goa where a person can travel any distance on a hire bike.Besides we also have many tourist taxis and other buses, but the rates charged for a small distance are exorbitant. Most of the rickshaws and taxies do not charge by meter. The public transport speediness should be strengthened so that the tourists can visit the place of their choice at a very cheap rate. 5. Improving the safety especially of women. Today many tourist women are facing many problems from the local people, especially as they do not maintain the hours and come back to the hotel or guest houses late at night. Many of the foreign women have faced molestation and other problems in Goa . Maintaining a control on the beaches. The beaches in Goa are very dangerous for go due to the changes in tides. take down after the bank bill of lifeguards and many w ord of advice signs, foreign and other tourists go swimming, especially when they are wino and the number of the inanimate by drowning has increased tremendously. The government and the local people should set out steps to educate the tourists about the dangers of swimming in the seas. develop lifeguards should be placed at all the major beaches, with life boats and life belts.